Objective: To investigate the current treatment on myofascial pain in the last 5 years.

Methods: Electronic database were systematically searched in PubMed and Wiley to find articles related to treatment of myofascial pain that were published in last 5 years. ; Keyword or MESH that used in this study were management, treatment, myofascial pain, myofascial syndrome and temporomandibular disorder.  

Results: There were 86 articles found in intial search, and only 17 were used as final articles after a selection using PICO questions. The number of female experiencing myofascial pain is 385 (94%) while men only 23 (6%) of the total sample of 408 people. The muscle involved n this study were masseter and temporal, with 3 (20 %) involved masseter and 12 (80 %) involved both muscle. The studies reported that the treatment use for this case were 7 (41%) with low-level laser therapy, 4 (23%) used treatment with drugs, 3 (17%) used occlusal device therapy and the other used dry needle, masseter nerve block and massage on temporal and mass muscle.

Conclusion: This systematic review concluded that low level laser therapy was the most selected treatment in the last 5 years studies. Myofascial pain was predominantly found in female than male and muscle that involved in this treatment were masseter and temporalis muscle. 

Objective: The aim of this study was examine theeffectivenessof proanthocyanidins cacaopods (Theobroma cacao L) extract on increasing socketepithelialthicknessposttooth extractionin Wistar Rats. Proanthocyanidins has benefis as antiinflammation, antioxidant and antibacteria agent. Post-extraction wound can cause complication, which can make long the healing process. This is where anti-inflammatory is needed to prevent infection, so that it can avoid bacterial contamination and can shorten the inflammatory process. 

Material and Methods:These study was an experimental laboratory research on thickness of socket epithelium of Wistar rats given proanthocyanidins cacao pod extract post extraction. A total of 24 male Wistar rats was divided into 3 group; which was treated with 100 mg/ml proanthocyanidins cocoa pod extract as treatment group, distilled placebo gel as negative control group and alvogyl as positive control group. On day 7 and day 14 the sampel was sacrified and tissue processing was made. The gingival epithelial thickness was determined by software image raster on light microscopy. 

Results:Analysisof One way Anova showed there was a significant difference0.001 between groups. The epithelium oftreatment group, was thicker than the control group significantly.

Conclusion:Proanthocyanidins cocoa pods (Theobroma cacao L)  extract effectiveincreasing the thickness of socket epithelium postextraction in Wistar rats.

Objective: To measure the effectiveness of the appreciative inquiry (AI) approach for the formation of tooth brushing automaticity of children in school for 2 months.

Material and Methods: Randomized-Community Trial with a school-based supervised tooth brushing program for two months. Automaticity was measured with self-report behavior automaticity index (SRBAI) and intraoral examination was done with patient hygiene performance modified index (PHP-M)at the baseline, after 1 month and after 2 months. 

Results: automaticity proportion was significantly higher in the AI group (63.8%) compared to conventional group (22.1%) (P = 0.000; OR= 11.9, 95% CI = 4.794-29.497). 

Conclusion: appreciative inquiry was more effective than conventional health education approach for tooth brushing behavior change.

Objective: Of this study was to determine the effect of color differences in elastomeric ligatures on the adhesion of streptococcus mutans in salivary fluid

Material and Methods: Type of research used was laboratory experimental with cross sectional study, using elastomeric ligatures 10 pieces of orthodontic elastomeric ligatures dark clear fruits. The samples were then divided into 2 groups. Each group of samples was each immersed in 100 cc of artificial saliva pH 4 which had been given each cc of streptococcus mutans and cultured in the media to see the number of colonies attached to elastomeric ligatures. The results of calculating the number of colonies were then analyzed using the SPSS version 24 program and using the Independent t test with a significant value of 0.05.

Results: The results showed that there are significant differences between the ligatures elastomeric orthodontic dark and elastomeric ligatures clear.

Conclusion: Elastomeric ligatures darker color have more adhesion to streptococcus mutans when compared to adhesion streptococcus mutans to elastomeric ligatures clear.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the first permanent molar condition on kindergarten student aged 5-6 years old in eastern suburban area of Makassar city.

Material and method: This study was a descriptive observational study on 100 kindergarten students from four schools in Tamalanrea District, Makassar City. Data was collected with clinical examination and interview. Data was gathered in terms of DMFT status of first permanent molar and OHI-S. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics and t-test. In this descriptive cross-sectional study. Statistical analysis was performed by descriptive statistics and t-test.

Results: Mean DMFT of first permanent molars was 1.00 ± 1.10, with a higher value seen among boys. Mean decayed teeth component was 0.95, followed by filled (0.10) and missing (0.0) components. 

Conclusion: The observed oral hygiene status among the 5-6 year-olds necessitates implementing pre-ventive as well as restorative measures to improve the oral health status of the young population.

Objective: To knows comparison of the level of knowledge of parents of bad habits and the severity of malocclusion children at school with a different social level, namely Elementary School of Kera-Kera Settlement (SD Inpres Kera-Kera) and Al-Biruni Intgrated Islamic Elementary School of Makassar City (SDIT Al-Biruni Makassar). 

Material and Methods: The sampling method used is purposive sampling. Measurement of the level of parental knowledge using a questionnaire, the severity of children's malocclusion using the Occlusion Feature Index (OFI) method.

Results: In the SD Inpres Kera-Kera, the level of knowledge of parents with Low criteria of 63.6%, the severity of malocclusion of children with a very mild OFI score of 2.3%, mild criteria of 34.1%, medium criteria 59, 1%, and the weight criteria are 4.5%. SDIT Al-Biruni assessment of the level of knowledge of good parents as much as 81.4%, the severity of malocclusion with an OFI score of very mild criteria as much as 5.1%, mild criteria as much as 49.2%, medium criteria 42.4%, and severe criteria as much as 3 4%. 

Conclusion: There is a difference in the knowledge of parents of SD Inpres Kera-Kera and SDIT Al-Biruni parents. Parent’s knowledge of bad habits and malocclusion at SDIT Al-Biruni Makassar is far better than that of SD Inpres Kera-Kera

Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of cats tail leaves extract (Acalypha hispida Burm. F.) on wound healing ofWistar male rat mucosa (Rattus norvegicus) as the result of this experimental which obtained later can be used as a reference in dentistry to develop cats tail leaves as an alternative medicine in traumatic ulcer treatment..

Material and Methods: This is an experimental research with post-test only control group design.The experimental subject were 24 Wistar male rat divided into four treatment groups, including a 50% A. hispida leaves group, a 75% A. hispida leaves group, a 100% A. hispida leaves group, and povidone iodine control group. All rat in every group were given the treatment and the decrease of wound diameter were measured for 8 days then the data were processed using SPSS program. 

Results:The average of traumatic wound diameter on 8th day is 0.33±0.41 mm for 50% A. hispida leaves group, 0.50±0.45 mm for 75% A. hispida leaves group, 0.25±0.42 mm for 100% A. hispida leaves group, and 1.17±0.61 mm for control group. Based on Friedman test and Wilcoxon test, the result shows significant difference on wound diameter change in every treatment group. 

Conclusion: Cats tail leaves extract (acalypha hispida burm. F.) with concentration of 50%, 75%, and 100% have the effect of wound healing on traumatic injury of white rat oral mucosa (rattus novergicus) but there is no significant difference in effectivenessbetween every concentration. 

Objective: Supra-eruption maxillary incisor is a usual case that finding in dental practice. Over eruption of such tooth and crowding can lead for traumatic occlusion and functional disturbance. This case report presented patient 26-year-old female class I malocclusion with supra-eruption right central incisor maxillary caused of traumatic and anterior mandibular mild crowding. 

Methods: This treatment option indicated for orthodontic removable appliance due to small discrepancy. Interproximal enamel reduction as an alternative to solve the problem of mandibular negative space discrepancy. The simple modification in removable orthodontic appliance used with glass ionomer cement on labial surface of right central incisor maxillary. Malposition of lower teeth was corrected with modification of the Hawley appliance consisting of labial arch, adam clasp, and simple spring.

Results: After 5 months 14 days treatment, supra-eruption right central incisor maxillary has corrected usage of removable orthodontic appliance with glass ionomer cement on labial surface. Anterior mandibular mild crowding has corrected with removable appliance. 

Conclusion: Successful orthodontic results with this treatment option will achieve by a careful diagnosis, establish with the aid of a diagnostic setup, professional skills, and patient cooperative.