Objective: This research was conducted to determine the potential of bangle rhizome essential oil (zingiber montanum) as an antibacterial against the growth of streptococcus mutans.

Material and Methods: Tests are carried out using the diffusion method for the well’s technique. In this study, eugenol was used as a positive control. Essential oil was diluted with acetone and obtained essential oil of bangle rhizome with a concentration of 3.12%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, and 50%.

Results: That bangle rhizome essential oil succeeded in inhibiting the growth of streptococcus mutans with the minimum inhibitory concentration 3.12% and with the optimal inhibitory concentration 50%.

Conclusion: It is concluded from this research that essential oil from bangle rhizome is a strong, new natural antibacterial agent for streptococcus mutans. There was a slight difference of antibacterial effectiveness between eugenol, as positive control, and essential oil from bangle rhizome on streptococcus mutans bacterial growth observed from their inhibition zones.

Objective: The study aimed to determine the effect of administration of Siamese catfish extract orally on the number of fibroblast cells in wound healing after tooth extraction of Wistar rats.

Material and Methods: This research was a true experimental laboratory with posttest only control group design. 24 male Wistar rat were divided into 6 groups. After the mandibular left incisor was extracted, rats in groups 1, 2, and 3 were given Siamese catfish extract and groups 4, 5, and 6 were given aquadest orally once a day. Groups 1 and 4 were treated for 3 days, groups 2 and 5 were treated for 5 days, and groups 3 and 6 were treated for 7 days, then the rats were euthanized and made histological preparations. Fibroblast cells were calculated using Image Raster software and analyzed using One Ways ANOVA and Post Hoc LSD tests.

Results: The number of fibroblast cells increased on the 5th day and reached its peak on the 7th day. ANOVA test showed a significant difference in the mean of fibroblast number between the treatment and control groups (p<0,05).

Conclusion: Administration of Siamese catfish extract orally can increase the number of fibroblast cells in wound healing after tooth extraction of Wistar rats. 

Objective: To determine the relationship between malocclusion, bruxism, clicking sound, and hypertonus masseter muscle in autism spectrum disorders.

Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 20 children of autism spectrum disorder at Prananda Autism Education Institute in Bandung. Examination was carried out on the sample to determine the type of malocclusion, the presence of bruxism, clicking sound, and hypertonus of masseter muscle.

Results: The data obtained was processed to see the relationship of each variable. Statistical tests used Kendall's rank correlation and Spearman's rank correlation to see further interrelationships of significance between groups. The correlation value W = 0.58 with chi-square = 34.480 and p-value = 0.00000016 (p-value <0.01) which was statistically significant.

Conclusion: The results showed significant relationship between malocclusion, bruxism, cliking sound and hypertonus of masseter muscle in autism spectrum disorders. However, there was no association between malocclusion with bruxism, malocclusion with clicking, malocclusion with hypertonus of masseter and bruxism with clicking. There was an association between bruxism and hypertonus of masseter.

Abstract

Objective: Traumatic ulcers are oral mucosal lesions that are often encountered with the healing process of wounds involving inflammatory mediators and phagocytosis process. Phagocytosis can produce free radicals that the potential to cause cells damage and lipid peroxidation. Lipid peroxidation produce malondialdehyde (MDA) as end products. Saliva is a biological specimen can detect MDA level in oxidative stress condition. This study aims to analyse differences in levels of salivary MDA in traumatic ulcer participants compared to healthy individual subjects.

Material and Method: The research methods was cross sectional study. MDA levels measured in saliva of 50 subjects, aged 20-25 years. Traumatic ulcer lesion subjects and healthy individual without lesions would be taken unstimulated saliva samples.  Salivary MDA levels determined with TBARs method. Data were analyzed statistically with Mann Whitney's test (p<0,05).

Results: Showed that there were differences in salivary MDA levels in traumatic ulcer participants compared to healthy individual subjects (p=0,0001).

Conclusion: Free radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of oral mucosal lesions, including traumatic ulcer. Increase in MDA levels in the saliva of participants may provide a biomarker for oxidative stress in oral mucosa disease.

Objective: to observe whether symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress correlates with symptoms of xerostomia among medical and dentistry students.

Material and Methods: this was a cross-sectional study involving 772 medical and dentistry students in pre-clinical and clinical phase of Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia in January 2022. Chi-square test and Spearman correlation analysis were performed on the data that were obtained online via Google Form. DASS 21 questionnaire was used to identify symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Fox’ questionnaire was used to identify symptoms of xerostomia.

Results: There were mild but significant correlations between occurrence of depression (r=0.100; p=0.006), anxiety (r=0.118; p=0.001), and stress (r=0.096; p=0.008) symptoms with symptoms of xerostomia among medical and dentistry students. Xerostomia symptoms was significantly higher (p<0.05) among dentistry students compared with medical students in both pre-clinical (64.9% vs 44.8%) and clinical (40.4% vs 27.7%) phase. In both pre-clinical and clinical phase, occurrence of depression and anxiety symptoms among medical students were not significantly different from dentistry students (p<0.05). Moderate to severe stress tend to occur more among dentistry students (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress correlates with symptoms of xerostomia among medical and dentistry students.  

Objective: To determine the effectivity of haruan (Channa striata) extract which added calcium hydroxide to ALP levels in odontoblast cell line.                                   

Material and Methods: The study used a posttest only control group design. Odontoblast MDPC-23 cell line that has been distributed in 96-well microplates is divided into 8 groups. ALP levels were measured by ELISA reader. Data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA statistical test, followed by Bonferroni's post test.

Results:The ALP level in the odontoblast cell line in haruan extract that added with calcium hydroxide increased compared to the control. At a concentration of 25 µg/ml = 208.37 µg/ml, a concentration of 50 µg/ml = 219.04 µg/ml, a concentration of 100 µg/ml = 282.93 µg/ml and differed significantly from the control group.

Conclusion:The effect of haruan extract added with calcium hydroxide can increase the ALP level in odontoblast cell line as concentration increases.

Objective: The concept of tooth lengthening was first to introduce by D. W. Cohen in 1962. This procedure often employs some combination of tissue reduction of removal, osseous surgery, and/or orthodontic movement for tooth exposure. The amount of tooth structure exposed above the osseous crest should be around 4-5 mm to provide a stable dentogingival complex and biological width to permit proper tooth preparation and a good marginal seal with retention for both provisional and final restoration. The present case report shows a surgical crown lengthening procedure as a treatment on a vertical crown fracture on a 47-years old woman.

Methods: A 47 years old woman come to periodontics department as referred by conservative dentistry department with a tooth fracture on the second upper right premolar. Intraoral examination shows a crown fracture reaches until under the cemento enamel junction area. Periapical radiograph shows non-hermetic obturation. No extra oral anomaly was found. The retreatment of the tooth was done by the conservative dentistry then the surgical crown lengthening was done after the retreatment and the final restoration was done 3 months post-operative.

Results: Proper identification and analysis of the problem playing the main role to achieve a satisfying outcome. The position of the gingival tissue, alveolar bone height, and clinical crown length are the determinant factor for identifying the problem. The case discussed here were treated with a surgical crown lengthening as a purpose to avoid any violation to biological width that can have a various effect to the periodontium leading to gingival inflammation, loss of attachment and alveolar resorption

Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between restorative dentistry and periodontal health. Predictable long-term successful restoration requires a good combination between the restorative principles and the correct management of the periodontal tissue.